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Tuesday 21 - Wednesday 22 October 2008  
Our first day at sea and it is calm and peaceful. We boarded the ship yesterday after 
arriving in Singapore through the day. On arrival, we were met individually straight 
off the plane by the ships agent holding a sign with our name and the name of the 
ship, RV Sonne. Depending on when we arrived, some went into Singapore for a look 
around and a meal and others found their bunks on the ship and went to bed tired 
after a long day travelling. 
The Sonne sailed out of Singapore at 5 am on Wednesday morning. Quite a few of us 
were up to watch the lights of the port go by and the sun rise. Singapore harbour is 
huge and has more boats and cranes than you could imagine. Even at 5 am it was 
busy with large cargo ships moving to moorings, hundreds of ships lined up waiting 
for a berth and smaller and much faster ferries moving about. By breakfast at 7.30 
am, we were still watching the boats and looking at small islands as we sailed away 
from Singapore. 
Today was a time to get to know each other and learn more about the objectives of 
the trip. At 9 am Kriton Glenn, the Chief Scientist, gave a briefing for the students 
covering what we hope to achieve and the importance of the project. One key aim is 
to further explore Australia’s territorial waters and to better understand the 
petroleum potential of the area. Chris Nicholson, the co-chief, talked about 
importance of IT security.  
At either 10 am or 4.15 pm we listened to a safety talk given by Jens Goebel, the 
second mate, who then showed us around the ship and its safety features. We went 
into a lifeboat, learnt about life jackets and how to launch the life rafts. Shortly after 
lunch, the Master, Oliver Meyer, gave us a talk about general aspects of the ship and 
life at sea. He showed us around and explained the functions of various work and 
rest areas; he also explained a few rules of the ship that make life at sea in a confined 
space possible. 
 
Thursday 23 October 2008 
Another calm day at sea. There are still a few boats on the horizon but mostly the 
view is water. The scientific staff are spending the time setting up their labs and 
making sure that everything is ready to go when the sampling starts. After breakfast 
we had an introduction session out on deck where both the scientific and support 
staff from GA and the University of the Sea students gave a short presentation on 
who they are and what their background is. This was a great way to make sure that 
we all knew each other and our roles within the team. It also highlighted the range of 
expertise that the students bring on board. 
After lunch we had a tour of the labs. We started in the benthic ecology lab where we 
were given an overview of the procedures to follow when biological samples come 
on deck. It was stressed the need to label and record all specimens with great care as 
data is a very valuable resource. We stayed on the same deck and visited the rock 
lab. Rock that comes on board in the dredge will be rough processed on deck and 
then taken into this lab for labelling, description and recording. The sediment core 
taken using the gravity corer will also be processed and cut on deck and then moved 
to the rock lab. There are a number of geologists on board. 
We then went downstairs to visit the swath-mapping lab. We will all get to know 
this room well once we start our two-hour watches on the sub-bottom profiler (SBP). 
The profile will help the chief scientist characterize the sea floor and select places to 
sample the sea floor. In the same room are the computers that will process and 
display the multibeam data leading to a detailed bathymetric map of the sea floor. 
This room will also be where a GIS database will be developed as we collect data. 
The next lab on the tour was the geochemistry lab where we learned about the 
various techniques that are used to process samples for geochemistry and the way 
they are stored. Samples not processed on board will be taken back and processed in 
Canberra. We completed our tour with a look at the cold storage areas. The cold 
room will be used to store the gravity cores and rock samples. We were all pleased to 
leave the cold room after a brief overview of its use. 
We had three student talks in the evening from Cody, Ben and Bryna. Cody told us 
about his work on Waulsortian mud mounds and their fabrics in drill core. He 
looked at the generation of sparry cements and what this told us about fluid 
migration through the mounds. Ben presented upon his last research project of using 
both hyper spectral remote sensing and GIS to infer near shore bathymetry via wave 
train analysis as well as his honours research. His research involved ten days 
sampling (prior to this cruise) for pelagic krill on the NSW coast. Bryna spoke about 
investigations of a proposed dredged material disposal site in northeast New 
Zealand. Her research includes looking at the hydrodynamic regime, and the sea 
floor and biological characteristics of the proposed site. 
 
 
Friday 24 October 
Another day of calm seas and great weather. With most of the labs set up and 
everyone moving into the rhythm of the ship, this should be a relaxing day for most 
of us. We are now in the Java Sea and are moving through the Indonesian islands 
and can see lots of ships of various kinds. The other feature of interest on the horizon 
is oil platforms. These seem to be everywhere. Some appear to be producing wells 
and send up flares while other are drilling platforms. As we move toward the Sunda 
Straits, the number of vessels on the water increases and in particular there are now 
ferries darting everywhere.  
After lunch we have a meeting on deck to go through the procedure and tasks 
associated with the dredge coming up and rocks arriving on deck. We need to make 
sure that everyone is aware of the safety aspects, the sampling order, where the 
hammer is and where the rocks go for processing. 
By the afternoon we are sailing through the Sunda Straits. Ships are becoming more 
common; there are lots of small islands and finally a view of Krakatau. The volcano 
is not erupting but it is still wonderful to see the islands and the cone of Anak 
Krakatau. A wonderful sunset makes our photos even more spectacular. We are 
about to move onto shifts and so some of the night shift staff disappear to bed. 
Tonight we had two talks from the students – from Rebecca and Yadi.  Wentao had 
moved onto night shift so was in bed. Rebecca started off and told us about her work 
on foraminifera and diatoms. Her research group is investigating how well forams 
preserve the chemical signatures of their environment. They then plan to apply these 
results to fossil records to further constrain their use as proxies for paleoclimate. 
Rebecca is about to start honours and she outlined two possible topics - developing 
more sensitive carbon dating methods for use with forams and possibly sponge 
spicules; and culturing forams and diatoms to see how well they capture the sea 
water chemistry in their tests. 
Yadi has been working on geodesy and gravity data around the Indonesian area. He 
has used satellite data to develop models for the geoid and is looking at ways to 
improve the output quality by examining the errors involved. Much of this work 
involves numerical modelling. 
I gave a talk on ocean volcanoes to give some background for our earlier viewing of 
Krakatau and any seamounts we might see on the cruise. 
 
Saturday 25 October 2008 
We have officially moved onto our shifts today and have started practice runs on the 
sub-bottom profiler (SBP). Each member of the team has a two-hour shift to do on 
the SBP. We will also start taking turns watching out for whales and dolphins as part 
of the larger survey. 
After breakfast we heard two more talks. Wentao gave a presentation to complete the 
student talks.  He spoke about his research on the Equatorial Pacific sea surface 
temperature and insulation.  He is using data from two ODP holes that cover a 5 Ma 
interval.  This was followed by Dan Mantle (GA) who gave us a pictorial tour of 
Christmas Island.  He spoke about the geography and geology of the island but 
focused on the wildlife.  The island has a large number of endemic species.  Dan was 
particularly interested in the birds of the island and showed many of the species of 
sea birds that we may be able to see from the ship.  He also showed several photos of 
the amazing crab species that the island is famous for. 
The rest of the day was spent on watch on the SBP or looking out for whales.  The 
transit time has given us a period to become familiar with the instruments (the SBP 
on board is a new system) and talk with the scientists about their work.  We are also 
finding out about the other aspects of life at sea such as discovering who has movies 
with them and where the quiet spots are on the ship to read a book during your 
down time. 
While we watch movies and the SBP, the GA support staff are busy at work making 
sure that all the gear is ready to be deployed.  The support staff ensures the smooth 
running of the operation; they are all very work-proud and do a great job. 
 
Kelsie Dadd, University of the Sea Lecturer