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Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)/Hip Impingement: Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment | University of Utah Health Jump to main navigation Jump to content Billing & Insurance MyChart Search Menu Find A U of U Health Doctor All U of U Health Services All U of U Health Locations For All U of U Health Patients & Visitors Patient Services Questions About Your Bill? Urgent Care Where to Stay Patients & Family Services Clinical Trials University of Utah Hospital University of Utah Hospital Staying at the Hospital Parking & Valet Looking for Another Location? General Questions 801-581-2668 Find an Interpreter About U of U Health Billing & Insurance MyChart Search Health Care Home Orthopaedics Specialties Hip Pain Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) 801-587‑7109 or Request an Appointment Refer a Patient Call 801-587‑7109 or Request an Appointment Refer a Patient On This Page What Is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)? Find a Hip Specialist What Causes FAI? Symptoms of Femoroacetabular Impingement Hip Impingement Treatments Recovery From Femoroacetabular Impingement Surgery Hear From Our Patients What Is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)? Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), or hip impingement, is a condition where the ball of your thigh bone (femur) can’t move normally in your hip socket. This happens when there is too much bone around the ball (femoral head) or when the socket is angled slightly backward. This causes the femur to bump into or pinch the rim of the socket. When the ball of your femur hits the rim of the hip socket, it can damage the cartilage and labrum in the joint. These are tissues that cushion the bones in your hip socket. Because of this damage, you may feel pain as the tissues start to get small tears and degenerate. These tears can lead to osteoarthritis over time. Types of Hip Impingement There are three types of hip impingement: Cam impingement means that there is a bump of extra bone growth on the ball or neck of the femur, so it is not round and can't fit into the socket normally. When you move the hip, the area that is not round forces itself into the socket and pinches the joint. Pincer impingement happens when the socket of the hip is too deep or covers too much of the femur. A deep socket will pinch sooner than a normal socket and can wear down the protective tissue (cartilage) lining of the joint. Combined impingement means that both cam and pincer impingement are happening in your hip joint. This is the most common type of hip impingement. Find a Hip Specialist What Causes FAI? FAI is usually caused by an abnormality in the bones of your hip joint. This could be something that you were born with, or something that developed as you grew. Hip impingement could also be caused by an injury or by repetitive motions over a long period of time (especially in activities like golf, ballet, or baseball). You’re more likely to experience symptoms of hip impingement if you have a combination of the factors above (for example, if you were born with an abnormality in your hip joint and also play sports that involve repeated hip movement). Symptoms of Femoroacetabular Impingement FAI can develop at any age, but is more common in patients between 20–50 years old. Some common symptoms of hip impingement are: pain in the front of your hip or groin, difficulty walking uphill, a dull ache in the groin, or catching or popping in your hip. You could experience these symptoms during activities that involve running, jumping, or twisting, as well as after sitting for long periods of time. If you don’t get treatment for this condition, you will continue to feel pain and arthritis and might eventually need a hip replacement. Diagnosing Hip Impingement Your doctor will do a physical examination of your hip to check your range of movement and determine the location of your pain. You may also need to have some imaging tests done to confirm the diagnosis, like an X-ray or an MRI scan. Hip Impingement Treatments If you’re diagnosed with FAI, your doctor will probably recommend treatment options that don’t require surgery first to see if your symptoms improve. These could include: rest, avoiding activities that make your symptoms worse (running, ballet, golf, and the like), physical therapy exercises to build strength and improve range of motion, anti-inflammatory medications, like ibuprofen or aspirin, or cortisone injections. These treatments can help relieve your pain, but they won’t fix the structural problems in your bones, so your symptoms might come back. If you have tried treating your symptoms with these options but continue to experience pain, you may need to consider surgery to correct the problems in your joint. Hip Impingement Surgery A specialist may recommend surgery if you have symptoms that are painful or affect your ability to participate in daily activities. The goals of surgery for FAI are to improve the function of your hip, decrease painful symptoms, and prevent or delay the need for a hip replacement in the future. There are a few different options for surgery, depending on what is causing your hip impingement. Arthroscopy If you have cam impingement (caused by extra bone growth on your thigh bone) and only mild damage to the cartilage in your joint, you may be a candidate for an arthroscopy. This is a minimally invasive surgery where the surgeon can shape or remove the extra bone and damaged tissue through a small incision in the side of your hip. Osteotomy If you have pincer impingement, with the hip socket rotated toward the back, you will need a periacetabular osteotomy. A periacetabular osteotomy, or PAO, cuts and realigns the bone in your hip socket to a more forward-facing position. Your doctor can also remove any extra bone from the top of your thigh bone during this procedure, if needed. Surgical dislocation and osteochondroplasty In this procedure, your doctor will make an incision on your hip and carefully cut your thigh bone to bring it out of the joint and provide better access during the rest of the procedure. Then, the head of the thigh bone and the rim of the hip socket can be trimmed or reshaped to fit together properly. After the impingement has been corrected, your doctor will use screws to hold the bone back together. This surgery is often used for more complex problems that require full labral reconstruction, or for large deformities like Perthes disease and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Hip replacement (arthroplasty) If you have significant damage to the cartilage in your hip joint, you might need to have a total hip replacement. Your doctor will remove the damaged bone and replace the end of your thigh bone as well as the socket of your hip with an artificial joint. Recovery From Femoroacetabular Impingement Surgery Recovery from hip impingement surgery will be different for each person and will depend on what type of procedure you have. Most surgeries will require you to use crutches for a few months after your procedure and perform physical therapy exercises to regain strength and range of motion in your joint. Most patients are able to return to their normal activities within six months, but you should continue to follow up with your doctor to make sure your hip continues to heal properly and symptoms do not return. Hear From Our Patients National champion speed skater, Blair Cruikshank, started experiencing persistent, worsening hip pain that interfered with her training. After she was diagnosed with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI), she and her family sought treatment for her condition at the Hip Preservation Program. Today she is back on the ice at full speed after undergoing a successful hip arthroscopy procedure. Read Blair's Story Next Steps If you are suffering from hip pain or would like to be evaluated by a specialist, request an appointment or call 801-587‑7109. Request an Appointment With a Hip Pain Specialist What to Expect at Your Appointment With a Hip Specialist Hear From Our Specialists Dec 07, 2020 Healing a Pulled Hamstring Is a pulled hamstring—also called a strained hamstring—something you can treat on your own, or should you see a doctor? Athletic trainer Travis Nolan shares how to determine when you should seek help, why it is essen... Listen (7 min) Nov 12, 2020 Hip Pain in Teenage Athletes It’s no surprise hip pain is a common problem in teenage athletes. Between constant growth spurts and activity levels at an all-time high, sometimes the hip joint has a hard time working properly. It’s important to k... Read More Oct 23, 2020 Hip Pain & Hip Popping: Do You Need a Doctor? You may have tried massages or stretching, but your hip pain isn’t going away. Find the source of your pain and learn from Doctor Chalmers when you might want to see a hip specialist. Read More May 20, 2020 Severe Hip Pain But No Arthritis? Maybe It’s Hip Impingement Hip pain without an injury isn’t always a sign of arthritis, or a pulled groin, if you’re young. Sometimes the pain is caused by a misshapen hip joint. Dr. Tom Miller talks to Dr. Stephen Aoki about why and how a hip... Listen (7 min) Jan 10, 2020 Why Do My Joints Hurt in the Winter? The cold weather can make your joints feel frozen. Read More Nov 05, 2018 Dealing With Hip and Knee Pain: Options Before Hip Replacement or Knee Replacement Surgery Thousands of people deal with it every day. Read More View More in Health Feed Site Links About Us Academics & Research Billing Jobs Giving Maps & Directions Newsroom The Imagine Perfect Care Program Helpful Links Referring Providers Find an Interpreter Patient Rights & Responsibilities Disclaimer Privacy Statement DNV GL Public Information Policy Statement Non-Discrimination Policy Webmaster Contact Us Facebook University Orthopaedic Center 590 Wakara Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108 801-587-7109 Facebook Twitter Youtube All clinical services and programs are part of University of Utah Health Hospitals and Clinics. 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